CAPTER I
Introduction
A.
The
Background Of Study
Basically
education is very important in human’s life and personal individual, because by
education the teacher can improving student ability, and needed motivation in
the learning, better of the family, teacher, friends, and so on. By education
they can balance or what they want to know and learning generally specially to
education the student. They can write what they want. They can write about
descriptive text through contextual teacher and learning.
Writing
is a method of reprinting language in visual or tactile from. By them study
about writing so they can know about writing system.
Definition
of writing system, writing system are both functional, providing a visual way
to represent language, and also symbolic, in that represent cultures and
people.[1]
Writing
is the representation of language in a textual medium though the use of a set
of signs or symbols.[2]
Descriptive
text is a text which say that a person
or a thing is like it. Purpose is describe and reveal a particular person
place, or thing.[3]
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However,
not all try the descriptive something with writing, but they can story or show
what want descriptive. However in here must writing to descriptive something,
because to girder how try writing descriptive text better.
Of
explanation above, the writer interest to make a title proposal is “IMPROVING
STUDENT ABILITY IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT THROUGHT CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND
LEARNING”
B.
The
Problem Of The Study
Based
on my background can formulate the problem of:
1. What
the teacher can improving student ability in writing descriptive text through
contextual teaching and learning.
2. What
the teacher can understanding how to try to improving student ability in writing
descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning and student
understand about it.
C.
The
Objective Of study
1. To
know the teacher can improve student ability in writing descriptive text through
contextual teaching and learning.
2. To
know the extent the teacher can understand how try to improving student ability
in writing descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning and the
extent the student understood about it.
D.
Theorical
Framework
Ability
is something that human being have in his own self. Writing is a method of
representing language in visual or tactile from. Writing system use set of symbols
for such thing as punctuation and numerals. By they study about writing, so
they can know about writing system, and how the writing.
Writing
system can be divide into two main types: Those that represent consonants and
vowel (alphabet), and those which represent sellable (syllabaries), thought
some do both. There are a number of subdivisions of each type, and there are
different classifications of writing systems in different sources.
·
Abjads / Consonant Alphabets
·
Alphabets
·
Sillabic Alphabets / Abugidas
·
Syllabsries
·
Semanto-phonetic writing systems
·
Under ciphered writing system.
Descriptive
text is text which descriptive form, Characteristic human, animal, vegetables, or
special event.
Example:
v A
cat eating in my home
v Dody
my friend very big
The purpose description text is give information or
describe about article, table, animal, vegetable, or someone which descriptive
to specific.
While contextual teaching and learning is a
relatively new concept in the field of
education. However, the principles and practices of contextual teaching and
learning have been around for centuries (Dijkstra, 1998).
Contextual teaching and learning is defined as a
conception of teaching and learning that helps teachers relate subject matter
content to real world situations (U.S. Department of Education, 2004).
Contextual teaching and learning also helps motivate
students to make connections between knowledge and its applications to their
lives as family members, citizens, and workers; it also helps them engage in
the hard work that learning requires (TechNet, 2004).
Principles characterizing Contextual teaching and
learning are: an emphasis on problem-solving, the ability to teach students to
monitor and direct their own learning so they become self-regulated learners,
anchorizing teaching in students’ diverse life contexts, encouraging student to
learn from each other and together, and recognizing the need for teaching and
learning to occur in a variety of contexts including community and worksites.
E.
Hypothesis
Hypothesis is a tentative answer to the problems of
the research to prove though the data collected.
As for the hypothesis in this discussion is:
·
The improving student ability in
writing descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning.
Students
will try to learn more after the feel understand about it, and they feel
confident if they after master about writing descriptive text through
contextual teaching and learning.
F.
The
Scope Of Study
In
order to get an accurate result of the research the writer just focuses on the student
ability of ninth grade the student in writing.
G.
The
Significance Of Study
Student
and teacher can work together, and teacher just can help students in the lesson
or can learn more enterprising and enthusiasm in writing, in order that can improving student ability writing
descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning, and they can writing
their goals and be able to sustain improving student ability writing
descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning.
H.
Terminology
The definition of ability
Ability defines as skill or power.
Ability is something that human being in his own self. Ability is getting
through sequences of drill. Ability is the capability of human being to do
something.
The
definition of writing is a method of representing language in visual or tactile
from.
The
definition of descriptive text is descriptive form characteristic Animal,
human, vegetable, especially event, and so on.
The
definition of contextual teaching and learning is contextual teaching and
learning is a relatively new concept in the field of education. However, the
principles and practices of contextual teaching and learning have been around
for centuries (Dijkstra, 1998).
I.
Population
And Sample
a. The
population of this study academic 2011/2012 year is all of the students in
junior high school 5 Langsa class IX, there are 5 class and the total number of
the students 175 students.
b. As
this sample in this study is student class IX5 there are 35
students, one class of total 35 students, so in the five class of the total 175
students, especially class IX at Junior High School 5 Langsa.
J.
Variable
In
this research there is independent variable and there is dependent variable.
Independent variable in this research is writing descriptive text. Dependent
variable in this research is students’ ability.
K.
Methodology
And Instrument
To get the
real data in this research, the writer will follow some steps to get the real
data. The writer will do the library and field research.
a. Library
Research
Writer use the
library research because the want to get the accurate and real data in order to
it can support the data. The writer read many books in the library and article
in the internet. The writer will look for and to find the data that to be
needed in this research.
b. Field
Research
In addition,
the library research, the research also uses the field research in other to add
the data the more accurate in field research, writer uses the quantitative
method.
Instrument
To get the data, the writer uses some
instrument there are:
a.
Observation
The writer will get observation to
Junior High School 5 Langsa of grade ninety students.
b.
Interview
Interview that is direct communication,
were the others plunge into the field and held a series of interview with
respondents who had fixed her in the Junior High School Negeri 5 Langsa.[5]
L.
The
Data Analysis
In this
research the writer used technique of data analysis. I t is analysis that to be
seen in event and develop a statement of what happened. Then look at another
similar event and see if it first the hypothesis. Begin looking for exception
to hypothesis. We find it, revise hypothesis to fit all.
Research us
pre-test and post test this research. Pre-test use to find out student’s
ability in writing descriptive text before research give more explanation about
how to writing descriptive text.
Post-test is
used after research give or teaching more explanation about how to writing
descriptive text through contextual teaching and learning. Thus, students more understand
about them.
The statement
above, the writer uses it.
T =
Mean of the
symbol are:
T = Average
N = Number of population
X2 = the result of average
X1 = the first average
S = Standard deviation.
M.
The
Organization Of Study
Organizing in
this thesis proposal consist of five chapter. It describe about the background
of study, The problem of study, The objective of study, theoriticall framework,
Hypothesis, The scope of study, The significance of study, Terminology,
Population and sample, Variable, Methodology and instrument, The data analysis,
The organization of study, and Reference.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/writing
http://www.understandingtext.blogspot.com/2008/02/what
is.descriptive.text.html
http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebportal/search/detaimini.jsp?_nfpb=true&-&ERICEXT
search_searc hValue_O=E1729585&ERICEXT Search_Search Type_O=no &
accno=EJ 729585
Nurul
Zuriah, Metodologi Penelitian Sosial Dan
Pendidikan, Jakarta 2006
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[4]
http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebportal/search/detaimini.jsp?_nfpb=true&-&ERICEXTsearch_searc
hValue_O=E1729585&ERICEXT Search_Search Type_O=no & accno=EJ 729585
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