Students who are taught reading
comprehension strategies are more successful readers. While some students
may eventually learn some of these strategies on their own, they can be taught
quite effectively in the early elementary grades. Here are ten reading
comprehension strategies from Ellin Keene’s book Assessing Comprehension
Thinking Strategies to consider.
1.
Think out loud. Good readers
monitor their thinking while reading.
2.
Use schema. Consciously
connect the text to preexisting knowledge and experiences and consider how it
helps their understanding of the text.
3. Inferring. Use experience and
information from the text to draw conclusions, make connections, predictions,
and form opinions.
4.
Ask questions about the text before,
during, and after reading.
5. Make decisions about what is
important in the text (elements and themes). Be able to summarize the
main points.
6.
Set a purpose for reading to make it
meaningful.
7.
Monitor comprehension. Make
sure students have strategies in place if they find the text too difficult.
8. Visualize what is being read.
Make brain movies! Tune into the sensory and emotional images of the text
to enhance the visualization. Use this information to help make
inferences and draw conclusions.
9.
Synthesizing and retelling.
Keeping track of their impressions while reading and identifying the underlying
meaning of the text. Connect the text to information from other
sources. Extending that information beyond the text to form opinions and
read critically.
10.
Text structure. Understanding
the elements of a story and how stories are put together helps students analyze
and think critically about meaning.
Even learning just one or two of
these metacognitive strategies has been shown to make a
difference in reading performance. Which strategies do your students
already use? Which ones will they learn next?
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